The consumption of a low-fiber diet has been identified as a significant contributor to the depletion of the microbiome, leading to a decline in the diversity of beneficial gut flora. The Western lifestyle, characterized by high consumption of animal products and sugars, and low intake of plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, has resulted in microbial changes that may be linked to chronic disease epidemics. Excessive protein consumption can lead to an imbalance in the gut microbiome, potentially contributing to colorectal cancer. On the other hand, adopting a plant-based, high-fiber, low-meat diet has been shown to reverse the effects of a meat-based diet on the gut microbiome and may serve as a form of personalized medicine for chronic diseases.
The low intake of microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) such as fiber found in whole plant foods and resistant starch found in legumes and whole grains has led to insufficient nutrients for gut microbes, resulting in a reduction in bacterial diversity and the production of beneficial fermentation end products. The creation of functional foods, supplements, and drugs may be a response to these deleterious consequences, but promoting a diet rich in whole plant foods has been shown to have a positive impact on the gut microbiome.
Research comparing the microbiomes of vegans and omnivores has shown that vegans produce more beneficial metabolites, but the difference in the gut microbiota was surprisingly modest. This may be due to the fact that a vegan diet does not necessarily equate to a healthy diet, as it is possible to consume processed and unhealthy vegan foods. Instead, a diet centered around whole plant foods, with a high intake of fiber, has been shown to be effective in preventing colorectal cancer.
In conclusion, the consumption of a plant-based, high-fiber diet has been shown to positively impact the gut microbiome and prevent colorectal cancer. Therefore, emphasizing the importance of whole plant foods in the diet is crucial for maintaining a healthy microbiome and preventing chronic diseases.
