What causes cancer? While the exact triggers of this disease are not fully understood, it is clear that the incidence of cancer is on the rise. The National Cancer Institute reports that about 39.6 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lives. Genetics only account for approximately half of all cancers, indicating that environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors may also play a role. Cancer is now one of the leading causes of death, but understanding your risk factors can help prevent this devastating diagnosis.
Obesity, poor diet, hormonal imbalance, and chronic inflammation are well-known causes of cancer, but there are also surprising factors that can increase your risk. Here are some unexpected cancer causers:
1. Where you live: A 2017 study published in the journal Cancer found that counties in the United States with poor air, water, land, built environment, and sociodemographic factors have a higher incidence of cancer. Poor air quality and built environment correlated most strongly with high cancer rates, with prostate and breast cancer most affected. Other research shows that minority neighborhoods face a higher risk of cancer due to air pollution.
2. Scented candles and air fresheners: Limonene, a chemical used to create citrus scents in products like candles and air fresheners, can react with ozone to produce formaldehyde, which is linked to cancer. Avoiding synthetic scents and products containing limonene can reduce exposure to harmful chemicals.
3. Happy hour: Increased alcohol consumption has been linked to a higher risk of breast cancer and other cancers. Maintaining moderation in alcohol consumption and focusing on healthy lifestyle choices like exercise and diet can lower your risk.
4. Sawdust: Wood dust from hardwoods like beech and oak is classified as a human carcinogen and has been linked to nasal cancer. Using proper ventilation and protective equipment when working with wood can reduce exposure to harmful dust particles.
5. Food packaging: Perfluorinated chemicals in fast-food packaging can migrate into food and are linked to cancer and other health issues. Eating fresh meals at home and avoiding tableware coated in these chemicals can reduce exposure.
6. Certain sunscreens: Oxybenzone, a common ingredient in sunscreens, can produce free radicals that damage DNA and promote cancer growth. Choosing sunscreens with safer ingredients or making your own homemade sunscreen can lower your risk.
7. Lack of sunlight: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased cancer risk, particularly colorectal and breast cancer. Getting adequate sun exposure in moderation or taking vitamin D supplements can help prevent these types of cancer.
8. Viruses and bacteria: Viruses like Epstein-Barr and HIV have been linked to cancer through various studies. Certain viruses can remain dormant in the body and be triggered by factors like exposure to pesticides or mold, leading to cancer development.
9. Working the night shift: Night shift work has been associated with an increased risk of cancer in some individuals. Taking steps to prioritize sleep and overall health can help mitigate this risk.
