Oxidative stress occurs when there is an excess of damaging oxidative molecules in cells, leading to dysfunction, cell death, and other harmful effects. It is a common feature of aging and inflamed tissues, including degenerative disc disease. Research has shown that targeting oxidative stress with antioxidant compounds can be effective in treating certain conditions of local inflammation, such as uveitis. However, the specific interactions between antioxidants and cellular machinery are crucial for success. While various antioxidants have shown promise in animal models of degenerative disc disease, progress in human trials has been limited.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a complex condition caused by factors such as aging, prolonged sitting, spinal load, as well as smoking and diet. Abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the intervertebral disc disrupts the production-clearance balance, leading to downstream pathway activation and various symptoms. In cases of IDD, the disc system experiences intense oxidative stress, affecting molecular processes and cell function. Oxidative stress contributes to degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells, leading to changes in collagen content and impacting the annulus fibrosus, ultimately causing clinical symptoms.
Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2024.102323
