World Mental Health Day 2023 is being observed with the theme set by the World Health Organization (WHO) that defines mental health as a universal human right. But what does this mean and what is its impact? The WHO views mental health as a basic human right for all individuals, entitling them to the highest attainable standard of mental health. It includes protection from mental health risks, the right to quality care, as well as liberty, independence, and inclusion in the community. However, a notable discrepancy arises when considering those with serious mental illnesses that result in a lack of insight, known as anosognosia. This neurological condition affects many individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses, leading them to deny that they have an illness, despite evidence to the contrary.
For those with serious mental illnesses and anosognosia, the consequence can be devastating, leading to disintegration of their lives and even physical harm to themselves or others. This raises critical ethical questions about whether people with these conditions should be treated against their will in the interest of their mental health. On one hand, some believe that treatment is essential to prevent further deterioration and potential harm, while others argue that forcing treatment infringes upon an individual’s freedom and rights. The quandary arises from balancing the universal human right to mental health with the freedom to live without coercion.
The debate around this issue lacks clear solutions, and it is often overlooked in discussions about mental health. However, it is crucial to consider these complexities and weigh the competing interests to ensure that individuals receive the necessary care and support, while respecting their autonomy. In a world where mental health is considered a universal human right, the dilemma of how to address those with mental illness and lack of insight must be confronted with sensitivity, empathy, and informed deliberation.
