Gene and cell therapies have transitioned from science fiction to life-saving treatments for people with serious and fatal diseases. These advanced treatments provide an opportunity for a biological “do-over” by resetting the immune system through cell therapies and modifying or eliminating disease-causing genes with gene therapies. Cell therapies entail implanting new cells to repair or replace damaged tissues, whereas gene therapies alter existing genes inside cells to treat hereditary or acquired diseases. This educational resource explores the intricacies of gene and cell therapies, including how they work, the diseases they can treat, potential risks and benefits, current status and future possibilities. This resource was developed with support from Bio.