The role of microglia in the aging brain and Alzheimer’s disease is crucial, as these innate immune cells can enter an aggressive, inflammatory state in response to various stimuli. This chronic inflammation in the brain leads to dysfunction and cell death, contributing to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Microglial heterogeneity further complicates the understanding of their role in neurodegeneration, and while animal models have provided valuable insights, the complex nature of Alzheimer’s disease in humans requires further investigation. The neuroprotective role of microglia becomes less efficient with age, leading to a persistent mild inflammation and contributing to the progression of AD pathology. Targeting these inflammatory microglia with anti-inflammatory therapies may hold potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions and the slowing of brain aging. For a more in-depth look at this topic, you can read the full article at the link provided.