FAQs About Multiple Sclerosis – HealthyWomen

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic health condition that typically affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 40, with women being twice as likely to have the disease as men. It can be a frightening and uncertain diagnosis, but with the right treatment, symptoms can be managed. MS is an autoimmune condition that causes the immune system to attack healthy nerves and myelin in the central nervous system (CNS). This can lead to scarring and permanent nerve damage, with various forms of the disease, individuals may experience symptoms that come and go. While there isn’t a specific gene that causes MS, research has shown that multiple genes can play a role in its development. Symptoms can vary but may include blurry vision, muscle weakness, numbness, and balance difficulties. MS traditionally affects white people of European background, but recent studies have shown an increase in cases among Black people, particularly Black women, for reasons that are still being explored. Getting an MS diagnosis can be challenging as there is no specific test for it, and healthcare providers use a variety of tests to make a diagnosis. A care team for MS may include primary care providers, neurologists, mental health providers, and physical therapists, among others. Treatment for MS consists of various options to slow the disease’s progression and manage symptoms. Untreated MS can lead to worsened symptoms and damage to the nervous system. People living with MS are encouraged to advocate for themselves and stay in close communication with their healthcare providers to manage their symptoms effectively.