Red yeast rice, also known as a “natural statin” in traditional Chinese medicine, is produced by fermenting rice with Monascus purpureus mold. It contains compounds like monacolins, including monacolin K, which can help lower cholesterol levels. Despite potential benefits such as reducing cholesterol and possibly having anti-cancer properties, there are also red flags to consider. The FDA has issued warnings about supplements containing lovastatin or monacolin K, and side effects may include liver and kidney damage, muscle disorders, and other issues. Additionally, red yeast rice may interact poorly with certain medications, and pregnant or lactating individuals should avoid it due to lack of clinical studies. Before taking red yeast rice, consult with a healthcare provider to ensure safety and efficacy.