The development of the fasting mimicking diet stemmed from research into how cells respond to reduced calorie intake. It was found that a low calorie intake of 600-750 calories per day can provide almost as many benefits as complete fasting when sustained for a week or more. This led to the creation of a specific fasting mimicking medical diet, which has shown benefits in human trials and has been used as an adjuvant treatment for cancer patients. The fasting mimicking approach can be used to improve health and metabolism without the need for an expensive, regulated diet. Additionally, research has shown that fasting mimicking diets have the potential to enhance the efficacy of a wide variety of cancer treatments by inducing differential stress sensitization in cancer cells and differential stress resistance in normal cells. This has been demonstrated in both pre-clinical and clinical studies and holds promise as a safe and potentially effective treatment adjunct for leukemia patients.