Not taking vitamin B12 supplements or regularly consuming B12-fortified foods may contribute to the higher stroke risk observed among vegetarians. The vegetarian diet of Leonardo da Vinci may have increased his homocysteine levels, potentially leading to his stroke. Research suggests that B12 deficiency is common among individuals following plant-based diets, resulting in elevated homocysteine levels and an increased risk of stroke.
While there is controversy regarding the link between homocysteine and stroke risk, observational studies show a connection between high homocysteine levels and atherosclerosis, clotting strokes, bleeding hemorrhagic strokes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Genetic data also support a relationship between homocysteine levels and stroke risk.
A study conducted on vegetarians in the UK revealed a higher risk of stroke due to B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels. The lack of B12 supplementation and fortification in the UK compared to the US may explain the difference. Interventions to lower homocysteine with B12 supplements have shown promise in reducing stroke risk, particularly clotting strokes.
Efforts to correct vitamin B12 deficiency in vegetarian diets are crucial to prevent adverse vascular effects. Encouraging vegetarians to take B12 supplements is important, as many resist due to misconceptions about B12 deficiency. The recommended B12 supplementation dosage is at least 2,000 mcg weekly or 50 mcg daily for optimal health.
Future studies should focus on convincing vegetarians to prioritize B12 supplementation to prevent deficiency. It is essential for individuals following plant-based diets to ensure adequate B12 intake for overall vascular health and stroke prevention.
