Atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty plaques in blood vessel walls, is a leading cause of heart attacks and strokes. While macrophages play a key role in removing excess lipids, the condition is highly inflammatory. The aging immune system exacerbates inflammation, leading to plaque formation and cardiovascular events. Adaptive immune responses, particularly T cells, are integral to atherosclerosis progression. T cell subsets influence plaque development, with Tregs showing potential protective effects. Aging influences T cell composition, with increased pro-inflammatory subsets and potential impacts on Treg function. Understanding the role of adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Research has shown that the aging adaptive immune system plays a significant role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. While macrophages are responsible for clearing lipids from blood vessel walls, chronic inflammation exacerbates plaque formation. The infiltration of immune components leads to plaque destabilization, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. T cells, including pro-inflammatory Th1 cells and regulatory Tregs, play crucial roles in atherosclerosis. Understanding the impact of aging on T cell subsets and their function in atherosclerosis is essential for developing effective treatments and preventive strategies.
Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1350471
