The minority stress theory suggests that individuals who identify as minorities, such as those with non-conforming gender identities and sexual orientations, experience unique and hostile stressors due to their minority status. This theory aligns with the experiences of individuals whose gender does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth, including trans and non-binary individuals, as well as those whose gender is fluid or uncertain.
These individuals are at a higher risk for mental health difficulties, in part due to gender dysphoria, which is the intense psychological discomfort associated with the incongruence between the sex assigned at birth and one’s gender identity. Consequently, some individuals may turn to coping strategies, such as excessive alcohol consumption.
Previous studies have shown a positive association between minority stressors and hazardous drinking in sexual minority groups. However, drinking behaviors in trans and non-binary individuals may also serve a positive function, as nightlife plays an important role in the exploration, celebration, and acceptance of identity for this community.
To address the gap in the literature, a recent study by Davies et al. (2023) explores the relationship between alcohol consumption, drinking motives, and risk factors such as discrimination and distress in a sample of non-binary and trans individuals in the UK.
The study used an online cross-sectional survey to collect data on demographics, alcohol-related harms, gender dysphoria, discrimination, distress, and loneliness. Participants also completed the revised drinking motives questionnaire to assess their motives for drinking. The study found that coping motives, enhancement motives, and drinking to manage gender dysphoria were significant contributors to alcohol consumption and related harms.
The study’s strengths included the involvement of an Expert by Experience (EbE) group of trans and non-binary individuals in all stages of the research, as well as preregistration of the study, indicating transparency and replicability. However, the study’s cross-sectional nature and limitations related to the categorization of individuals with multiple gender identities are important considerations.
The study has implications for practice, suggesting that clinicians working with trans and non-binary individuals should be aware of the increased risk of alcohol consumption and tailor their approaches to account for the unique needs of this community within the healthcare system. Efforts to address discriminatory practices and provide inclusive and affirming care are essential.
In summary, the study offers valuable insights into the relationship between alcohol consumption, discrimination, and distress in trans and non-binary individuals, highlighting the need for further research and targeted intervention strategies to support the mental health and well-being of this population.
