On September 25, 2024, it’s World Dense Breast Day. The thought of a mammogram may not be appealing to many, but it’s now more important than ever. Starting in September 2024, the FDA requires that all mammogram reports include information on breast density. This is a significant step forward in women’s healthcare. In the US, 50% of women over 40 have dense breasts, making it harder to detect breast cancer early. This new decision keeps women informed and empowers them to consider additional testing options with their healthcare providers.
What are dense breasts? Breast density refers to the amount of fibrous and glandular tissue in your breasts compared to fatty tissue. The more fibrous and glandular tissue you have, the harder it is to detect cancer on a mammogram. Breast density can be hereditary. Women with a low BMI or receiving hormonal menopausal therapy may have higher breast density. However, as you age, your breasts may become less dense. Having children can also reduce breast density.
How can you tell if you have dense breasts? Breast density is not related to breast size or firmness. The only way to know if you have dense breasts is through imaging tests, such as a mammogram. After your mammogram, a radiologist will look for abnormalities in your breasts and determine the density category. The four categories of breast density are: Almost entirely fatty: Abnormalities or tumors can be easily detected. Scattered areas of fibroglandular density: Some white areas are visible on the mammogram. Heterogeneously dense: Most of the breast is dense, making it harder to detect small tumors. Extremely dense: The breasts are so dense that tumors are difficult to detect.
If your breasts are categorized as the first or second category, they are not considered dense. If they are categorized as heterogeneous or extremely dense, they are considered dense. Your mammogram report will clearly indicate whether your breasts are “dense” or “non-dense.” If you have dense breasts, the report will recommend further imaging tests in addition to a mammogram to detect cancers. It’s essential to discuss breast density, cancer risks, and personalized options with your healthcare provider.
Does having dense breasts increase my cancer risk? Yes, women with dense breasts have a higher risk of breast cancer, although the exact reasons are not fully understood. Black women are more likely to have dense breasts than white women, increasing their risk of undetected breast cancer in early stages. Studies show that black women often receive breast cancer diagnoses at later stages, leading to higher mortality rates. Additionally, dense breasts make it harder to detect abnormal changes. Glandular tissue and cancerous tumors appear white on a mammogram, making them harder to distinguish. Unlike dense breasts, fatty tissue appears black on a mammogram, making tumor detection easier.
What tests are available for women with dense breasts? Even with dense breasts, it’s crucial to undergo a mammogram. Afterward, discuss additional tests with your doctor. Additional tests for women with dense breasts include: 3D mammograms: This imaging test moves around the breast in an arc, providing clearer images for radiologists. Breast ultrasound: This painless test uses sound waves to produce computerized images of your breasts, capturing more detailed views of suspicious spots detected on a mammogram. MRI: This test is used in conjunction with a mammogram for women at high risk of breast cancer. However, MRI is not recommended for women at average risk as it may yield false positive results, leading to unnecessary tests and biopsies. To determine if you have a high risk of breast cancer, ask your doctor about a breast cancer risk assessment tool.
Remember to stay informed about dense breasts and take proactive steps to monitor your breast health.
