Michelle Clapham, a retired certified nurse, began experiencing migraines at the age of 11 or 12, about six months after her first menstrual period. She described the pain as a throbbing pressure in her head, sometimes accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light. Despite experiencing one to three migraine episodes a month for decades, Clapham, now 63, has had fewer migraines since going through menopause.
Migraines are a debilitating disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, with approximately 39 million sufferers in the United States alone. While migraines can affect both men and women, women are three to four times more likely to experience them. Studies have also shown that individuals from lower socioeconomic groups are more prone to migraines, and minority groups such as Black and Hispanic individuals are less likely to receive a migraine diagnosis compared to their white counterparts.
Triggers for migraines can vary, making it challenging to identify specific causes. Common triggers include hormonal changes, stress, bright lights, strong odors, lack of sleep, certain foods or beverages, and weather changes. Managing migraines involves both medication and personal care practices like avoiding triggers, maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and early intervention when symptoms present.
For those dealing with migraines in the workplace, it’s important to communicate with colleagues, supervisors, or HR about accommodations and strategies to prevent and manage episodes while on the job. There are various preventive medications available, and employers are required to make reasonable accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act for employees with migraines.
Despite the challenges of living with migraines, there is hope for better treatment and management options in the future. In the meantime, practicing self-care strategies can help minimize the impact of migraines on daily life. This educational resource was prepared with support from Pfizer.
