Macrophages are innate immune cells found in the body, while microglia are their counterparts in the central nervous system. Both types of cells rely on the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) for their survival. In studies, temporary clearance followed by repopulation of these cells has shown promise in improving conditions associated with microglial inflammation, such as neurodegenerative diseases. A well-known CSF1R inhibitor, pexidartinib, has been used in research to demonstrate the benefits of this approach.
Recent research focuses on the clearance of microglia to improve the damaged retina in age-related macular degeneration. Similar strategies have been successful in other diseases like Alzheimer’s and stroke. The presence of pro-inflammatory microglia has been linked to the development and progression of neurodegenerative conditions. Short-term treatment with CSF1R inhibitors could potentially offer beneficial effects without long-term side effects. The study shows that microglial repopulation can reduce inflammation and neovascularization in the eye, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for AMD.
In conclusion, clearing and repopulating microglia seems to be a potential treatment for age-related macular degeneration. This approach has shown positive results in animal studies and holds promise for future therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases.
