Decellularization is a technique that involves removing cells from donor tissue, leaving behind the extracellular matrix and its chemical signals. This matrix can then be repopulated with patient-matched cells and transplanted, potentially reducing issues associated with traditional tissue transplantation. While initial excitement around decellularization has waned, many researchers continue to explore its potential alongside other tissue engineering methods. Recent studies have shown promise in creating functional tissue patches for organs like the liver and heart, with researchers successfully improving liver function in rats using this approach.
Liver fibrosis, often caused by inflammation triggering excessive extracellular matrix secretion by hepatic stellate cells, presents a challenge for treatment. Conventional cell therapy has limitations, prompting interest in liver tissue engineering as an alternative approach. By combining decellularized liver matrix with hepatocyte growth factor/heparin complex, researchers developed a hepatic patch that effectively restored liver function in vitro and in vivo. This innovative strategy shows potential for liver regeneration and preventive healthcare.
