Atherosclerosis, characterized by the growth of fatty plaques in blood vessel walls, is a leading cause of human mortality. Current treatments focusing on reducing LDL-cholesterol are not effective enough in managing plaque growth and regression. Macrophages attempt to repair atherosclerotic plaques but are overwhelmed by the toxic environment, leading to plaque rupture and heart attacks or strokes.
Research has shown CD47 abundance in atherosclerotic plaques, inhibiting the clearance of cell debris and contributing to plaque progression. By utilizing anti-CD47 therapies, researchers have been able to slow plaque growth in animal models. Bitterroot Bio is now starting a phase 1 safety trial of a CD47 inhibitor targeted to macrophages, aiming to slow plaque progression and improve outcomes.
Additionally, pro-efferocytic nanotherapies targeting macrophages have shown promising results in reducing vascular inflammation without inducing anemia in animal models. This approach holds potential for further translation into clinical trials.
