Both calorie restriction and intermittent fasting have been shown to slow aging and extend life in short-lived mammals, with improvements in various health measures in the short term. However, in long-lived mammals like humans, the effects on lifespan are less pronounced. Researchers believe that enhanced autophagy may be a key mechanism behind the benefits of these dietary interventions, but the differences in lifespan extension between short-lived and long-lived mammals are not fully understood.
Recent studies have compared the effects of calorie restriction and intermittent fasting in rodents, with calorie restriction generally showing greater effects on aging and longevity. A new study using genetically diverse mice found that both calorie restriction and intermittent fasting led to lifespan extension proportional to the level of restriction. However, genetics played a larger role in lifespan than dietary restriction. Various health effects were noted with different interventions, and it was found that improving health and extending lifespan are not necessarily the same outcomes. The study highlighted the need to consider different endpoints in evaluating aging interventions.
The research underscores the importance of understanding the nuances of dietary restriction and its impact on lifespan and health. By studying diverse populations and comparing different strategies, such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, we can gain valuable insights into the complex relationship between diet, genetics, and aging.
