The concept of programmed aging proposes that degenerative aging is actively selected by evolution, potentially to regulate population growth or adapt to ecological changes. In some views, epigenetic changes play a significant role in aging processes. The challenges in developing epigenetic clocks from a programmed aging standpoint differ from traditional views, focusing on distinguishing between self-destructive and survival-driven epigenetic changes. This distinction is crucial for accurate measurements of anti-aging interventions. Improved clock algorithms are necessary, requiring new experiments to separate different types of epigenetic changes. While epigenetic changes implement phenoptosis, they do not function as the body’s primary timekeeper. Future research may uncover the clock mechanism, potentially located in the hypothalamus, leading to more effective anti-aging interventions.
Late in life, the body experiences a battle between self-destruction and survival instincts through epigenetic changes. Existing epigenetic clocks do not differentiate between these types of changes, leading to potential inaccuracies in assessing lifespan effects of interventions. To enhance clock reliability, separating epigenetic changes based on their functions is crucial, although statistical methods alone may not suffice. The identification of the body’s primary timekeeping mechanism remains a challenge, with indications pointing towards the hypothalamus. Future advancements in measuring biological age and developing anti-aging strategies may hinge on understanding and manipulating this elusive clock mechanism.
Link: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297924020135
