Chronic inflammation and immune system dysfunction are now recognized as key components of neurodegenerative conditions. While short-term inflammation is necessary for protection and healing, persistent inflammation can damage tissue and alter cell behavior in detrimental ways. In the brain, inflammatory signaling affects microglia, leading to maintenance issues and contributing to brain pathology in conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
Researchers suggest that immune aging plays a significant role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Changes in immune activity are closely tied to the biochemical alterations seen in these conditions. Targeting immune modulation and anti-inflammatory strategies may offer therapeutic benefits, but understanding the specific inflammatory mechanisms at play is crucial for effective treatment.
The etiology of neurodegenerative disorders goes beyond neuronal defects, with immune effector cells and their products playing a significant role in disease onset and severity. Genetic and environmental factors disrupting brain homeostasis can trigger immune responses that contribute to neurodegeneration. Therapeutic interventions targeting immune cells or immune-related genes show promise in protecting against disease progression. Further research using animal models will help uncover the immunological pathways involved in neurodegeneration and identify potential targets for intervention.
