Bacterial Peptides Improve Mitochondrial Function in Intestinal Tissues
Many compounds have been identified to positively impact mitochondrial function, although the exact biochemistry behind this phenomenon remains complex and not fully understood. Researchers have observed that bacterial peptides from the gut microbiome show promising effects in enhancing mitochondrial function in intestinal tissues. This discovery opens up the possibility of using these peptides as a potential treatment or supplement to improve mitochondrial function. While existing interventions struggle to surpass the benefits of exercise, these bacterial peptides provide a new avenue for exploration in enhancing mitochondrial health.
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in various human diseases, and the influence of specific gut microbial metabolites on mitochondrial function in animals is a subject of ongoing research. Recent findings indicate that bacterial peptidoglycan muropeptides have a significant impact on promoting mitochondrial function in multiple mammalian models. The addition of muropeptides to human intestinal epithelial cells results in increased oxidative respiration, ATP production, and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, muropeptide treatment has shown promising results in restoring mitochondrial structure and function in cells derived from individuals with mitochondrial diseases.
In animal studies, muropeptides have been found to accumulate in the mitochondria of intestinal cells, enhancing homeostasis and nutrient absorption by modulating energy metabolism. It has been identified that muropeptides bind to ATP synthase, stabilize the complex, and enhance its enzymatic activity, potentially promoting mitochondrial homeostasis. This research unveils a potential therapeutic approach for addressing human mitochondrial diseases.
