The composition of the gut microbiome changes with age, leading to a decrease in beneficial microbes and an increase in pro-inflammatory species. This shift can contribute to age-related conditions and inflammaging, a state of unresolved inflammation that affects tissue function. Research suggests that a decline in the production of antimicrobial peptides in aging individuals may be a key factor in promoting harmful bacterial species in the gut. By targeting this mechanism, new therapies may be developed to restore a more youthful balance in the gut microbiome.
A recent study in aging mice investigated the impact of reduced anti-microbial peptide gene expression in the colon on the prevalence of inflammatory Gram-negative bacteria. Results showed a correlation between age-related downregulation of AMP genes and increased abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria. This imbalance in the gut microbiome was associated with changes in barrier gene expression and markers of senescence and inflammation. These findings suggest potential targets for interventions aimed at mitigating age-related changes in gut microbiome composition and promoting healthier aging.
