During the postpartum period, new parents face a vulnerable time in terms of their mental health due to the rapid decrease in hormones, lack of sleep, and the stress of parenting. Postpartum is a period where the risk of developing mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder is heightened, as explained by Dr. Thalia Robakis, a reproductive psychiatrist at Mount Sinai Hospital. While less common, postpartum psychosis (PPP) is also a serious condition that can occur.
If PPP symptoms are observed, immediate medical care is necessary as it can be a mental health emergency. However, it is important to remember that there are mental health professionals who specialize in treating PPP and most women respond well to treatment. It is crucial to seek help and not suffer in silence.
The causes of postpartum psychosis are not completely understood, but research suggests that it may be related to hormonal, immunological, and circadian rhythm changes that occur after giving birth. There is also a connection between PPP and bipolar disorder, with about half of women experiencing PPP either previously diagnosed with bipolar disorder or developing it afterwards.
It is important to be aware of the risk factors for PPP, such as being a first-time mother, sleep deprivation, hormonal changes, and preexisting medical conditions. Recognizing the signs of postpartum psychosis, like hallucinations, delusions, mood changes, and thoughts of self-harm, is crucial for early intervention and treatment. PPP can have serious implications on mother-infant bonding, so seeking help is essential to ensure a healthy relationship with your baby.
Diagnosis of PPP is based on symptoms, which can vary from depressive to manic to atypical/mixed types. Your healthcare provider may conduct tests to rule out underlying medical conditions causing the psychosis and differentiate PPP from other postpartum mood disorders like postpartum depression. It is important to seek help if you suspect you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of PPP, as early intervention leads to better outcomes.
