Jaguar populations are declining, prompting researchers to turn to artificial insemination to assist the species. Five healthy jaguars were chosen for this experiment, with one named Bianca. In November 2018, she was inseminated with the AI Embryo Transfer technique developed by CREW experts. The cub was born in February at Brazil’s Mata Ciliar, but tragically vanished from the den two days later, believed to have been eaten by the mother.
Bianca and Her New Baby
“Unfortunately after two days, the cub died,” stated a spokesperson for Mata Ciliar. “We don’t know why and cannot determine if the mother was involved, as the cub was not seen on the monitors. Bianca, being a first-time mother, may have affected the outcome. A necropsy was not possible as the baby had been consumed.”
Dr. Lindsey Vansandt, a theriogenologist and project lead, explained that filial cannibalism is not uncommon among carnivores.
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Artificial Insemination for Jaguars
Artificial insemination remains a potential solution for jaguar conservation. Dr. Bill Swanson, CREW’s director of animal research, hailed the birth of the cub as a significant milestone that could enhance genetic variability within populations and aid the conservation of these iconic endangered cats.
“An Important Milestone”
The laparoscopic AI method, developed by CREW and previously used on other wild cat species, showcases the potential of assisted reproduction as a conservation tool for jaguars. The birth of this cub marks a pivotal moment in utilizing AI for the benefit of this magnificent feline species.
A Bittersweet Experiment
While the AI procedure was a success, the passing of the cub, although disappointing, is not uncommon among carnivores, especially first-time mothers. Despite the bittersweet outcome, researchers are optimistic about the experiment’s implications for jaguar conservation.
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Jaguar Repopulation
In 2021, scientists repeated the AI experiment on Bianca and another female jaguar, Tabatinga. The results of this endeavor have not been disclosed to the public yet.
Dr. Vansandt emphasized the importance of maintaining genetic diversity within jaguar populations to combat inbreeding and preserve their health.
A “Near Threatened” Species
Jaguar populations are at risk due to habitat loss and poaching, leading to their classification as ‘near threatened’ in Latin America. With about half of their population in Brazil, these majestic cats are vital to the ecosystem, and efforts like artificial insemination play a crucial role in their conservation.
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Sources
- “International Collaboration Produces First Jaguar Cub Ever Born from Artificial Insemination.” Cincinnati Zoo. Angela Hatke. March 14, 2019
- “The first-ever jaguar cub born by artificial insemination was likely eaten by its mother 2 days later.” Business Insider. Molly Thomson. April 4, 2019
- “World’s First Jaguar Cub Born By Artificial Insemination Was Eaten By Mom, Scientists Persevere.” Bored Panda. Andréa Oldereide and Donata Leskauskaite. May 28, 2024
- “Jaguar Facts.” WWF.
