A 41-year-old man in New Hampshire tragically passed away recently after contracting eastern equine encephalitis virus, also known as EEE or “triple E.” This was the first human case of the disease in New Hampshire in ten years. The virus has also been reported in other states this year, including Wisconsin, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Vermont. While EEE is not a widespread risk, public health officials and researchers are concerned about its potential threat to the public now and in the future.
EEE does not have a cure and can cause severe symptoms in humans, with a mortality rate between 30 and 40 percent. Due to the high risk, state officials are taking precautions such as spraying insecticide in high-risk areas and warning residents to avoid outdoor activities during peak mosquito times. The spread of EEE is closely linked to climate change, which has created more favorable conditions for mosquitoes.
Studies have shown that warmer temperatures and increased rainfall due to climate change have led to a rise in mosquito populations, contributing to the spread of EEE. The disease primarily spreads through two mosquito species, with one affecting birds and the other transmitting the virus to humans and horses. The warmer climate has also led to a longer breeding season for mosquitoes, increasing the risk of disease transmission.
In order to combat EEE, steps can be taken on an individual and community level. Preventative measures such as wearing protective clothing and using repellent can help reduce the risk of mosquito bites. Additionally, public health departments can implement surveillance programs and insecticide spraying campaigns to control mosquito populations. While a vaccine for EEE exists for horses, the lack of incentives for human vaccine development remains a challenge.
As the threat of EEE continues to grow, it is crucial for public health officials to remain vigilant and proactive in addressing the spread of the disease in the face of changing environmental conditions.
